Chris

Installing the wiper rack

May 092013

The thickness of the pipe insulation hindered the positioning of the rack in the bulkhead The final item to install within the bulkhead was the wiper rack, which really ought to be very straight forward. However the thickness of the heater pipe insulation I’d used caused problems again. The reduced clearance stopped the entire rack to be fed into the bulkhead as one unit.

After several attempts using different angles/orientations, I conceded defeat and decided the quickest method would be to build the rack in situ.

The obvious issue being that if anything is dropped it could be a real problem fishing it out, now the pipes are all in place.

The two end splined drives were detached from the main rack frame so they could be losely fitted separately. No matter what I tried, I then couldn’t get the central splined drive and main rack frame to fit onto the two ends.

Some head scratching later and my laughable error became clear. I was trying to fit it the wrong way round, with the splined drives facing the screen rather than away from it! Muppet!

An end splined drive reconnected with the main rack frame

The wiper rack finally fitted the correct way round!!

Once corrected it, unsurprisingly, fitted without any issues. The final fettling of the adjustable links and connection to the motor will be done once the screen has been put in place.

Windscreen washer & jets

Internal Bulkhead Fixtures No Responses »

May 092013

There’s little worth noting regarding the fitting of the windscreen washer and jets. Fortunately the chromed jets were the first thing I’d decided to install before the bulkhead pipes and wiper rack, which made it possible to fish out dropped washers and wing nuts.

The washer plumbing was left until all the heater and vacuum pipes were in place to avoid it getting in the way.

I managed to succeed in making life hard for myself by putting the washer jets in place and then attempting to fit the washer and wing nut one handed from underneath.

I’d lost count of the number of times I’d dropped either the washer, the nut or both. Finally common sense prevailed.

They could easily be moved and held in position by placing the wings of the nut between the forefingers and balancing the washer on top. The washer jet can then be screwed in from above until it had engaged with the nut, then finally tightened up from below.

My decision to insulate the internal bulkhead heater pipes also caused problems with the routing of the washer piping through into the bulkhead. The heater pipe passes very close to the hole for the washer piping and so the insulation was blocking the way.

Finally, to keep the tubing neat and tidy and away from the moving parts of the wiper rack, it was zip tied to the wiper rack frame.

End of the bulkhead pipe saga

Heater & Vacuum Pipes No Responses »

May 072013

Several weeks ago I’d dropped off a box full of parts, including the heater and vacuum pipes, at the local powder coaters. Rather timely, they were ready for collection just before the bank holiday and one with fair weather forecast to boot! A good chance to crack on.

Fortunately you can’t go wrong with the orientation of the heater pipes and the vacuum pipes are fairly obvious. One vacuum pipe is straight (V2 in the photos) and one has a slight kink (V1) to bypass an entry point in the bulkhead. The entry point was originally blanked off so I assume this must have been for air conditioning or a fitting for LHD cars.

The fitting sequence is also obvious, working from the bottom up: H1, V1, V2, H2 and finally H3. My three heater pipes were new so I’d had a trial fitting of all the pipes and the bulkhead flanges so I wasn’t expecting too many headaches.

I’d picked up three tips from the E-Type forum from others who had gone through the same process:

Insulate the heater pipes to stop unwanted heat within the bulkhead
Use tape around the flanges to protect the paint when riveting
Feed rope or cord through the pipe so, when pulled, it would force the pipe flanges hard against the inside face of the bulkhead

All seemed sensible advice so I purchased some dense foam, pipe insulation. The other issue I’d already found was that the shoulder of the rivet gun was too wide to get the mussel onto the rivet head.

I spent a while looking for alternative rivet guns before someone pointed out the obvious; grind down the side of the rivet gun to reduce the width. A few minutes on a bench grinder and I was all set.

The first of many headaches was that I’d decided to route the vacuum and wiring cable for the EDIS Megajolt ignition within the bulkhead void. So this had to be removed temporarily to provide enough space to work. As I’d previously waxoyled the bulkhead, the whole process was a very messy business!

The tip of feeding rope down the pipes was really helpful. I fed a long length of garden wire down the pipes and, in Heath Robinson fashion, tied the ends behind me. I could then lean back pulling the pipes against the bulkhead while having my hands free for riveting.

Even so, I still managed to miss out the pipe flange when I riveted one end of the first pipe. The exterior flange was securely fixed to the bulkhead while the pipe was free to move!

I ended up cursing the fact that I’d insulated the lower heater pipe. At least I probably should have used much thinner lagging. It made the fitting of the lower vacuum pipe so much harder and later the routing of the windscreen washer tubing.

Even though I’d trial fitted the pipes, when it came to actually fitting them, I had problems aligning the holes in the two flanges and the bulkhead for every single pipe. I’d passed a 3.2mm drill through each hole as the pipes had subsequently been powder coated but still there wasn’t enough tolerance.

I’m also glad I taped the surrounding area as the head of the rivet gun tends to jump off the rivet when the pin snaps. I’m sure I’d have had several chips without it. In fact the only touching up needed was to one of the flanges but this was more to do with the adhesion of the Hammerite to the zinc plating.

Initially I’d only ground down one side of the rivet gun mussel. This was fine for the right hand ends of the vacuum pipes but useless for the gun orientation needed for the left hand side. Rather than stop and grind down the gun, I had a numpty moment and decided to fit the other heater pipes above before returning to finish off the troublesome vacuum pipes.

The pipe insulation was causing issues fitting the left hand side of the lower vacuum pipe so I thought I’d have to remove it. With the heater pipes fitted above there’s was no chance of getting at the vacuum pipes. So I just had to struggle on and finally managed to rivet them in place.

If I had the misfortune to have to do this again I wouldn’t bother with the insulation on the lower heating pipe, I’d waxoyl after installation and only move on to the next pipe once the lower one is completed. At last the long running saga of the bulkhead heater and vacuum pipes was over!!!

Now I can get on fitting the bulkhead components …..

Update: I’ve since read on the E-Type forum that uninsulated heater pipes can deliver sufficient heat to soften the surrounding waxoyl so it becomes runny and can drip everywhere. Therefore it’s probably is wise to insulate the lower pipe after all.

Rebuild Replanning

Miscellaneous Ramblings No Responses »

May 022013

I’d hoped to get to a rolling chassis as soon as possible so it was easier to move out into the open to work on. This has became more urgent since the near-disaster when it almost fell off the axle trolley. The front wishbones still need to be machined to accept the modern ball joints so I decided to crack on installing other items that had already been refurbished. Although I was wary of adding too much weight because I was planning to install the engine from below.

I’m leaving the bonnet on for as long as possible. It’s a bit inconvenient but it should hopefully be the safest place. I’d read that it’s possible to fit the radiator with the bonnet in situ as, without the gas strut fitted, it can be opened much further to give sufficient access. The radiator and cooling fans had been ready for some time so I decided to put these on.

The two struts securing the top of the radiator are bolted to small 90 degree brackets on the picture frame. These brackets are held in place by the upper outboard picture frame bolts. What I hadn’t realised was that these bolts can’t be withdrawn because they foul on the front subframe. The bolts and subframe have to be removed together which would require the bonnet to be removed!

Hmmm …. some replanning is required. Once the bonnet and front subframe are removed, it’s only a few more bolts and the picture frame can be removed. The engine could then just be wheeled into position on its trolley and the subframes built back around it.

The prospect of not needing to install the engine from below is very appealing. The main drawback I could see was that it would probably have to be done out in the open for access and I’d need to make sure I could get to a rolling chassis over a weekend.

I’m quite relieved that the wishbones weren’t available earlier. I would have been blissfully unaware that the strut mounting brackets needed to be installed earlier rather than later. I’d only have found out once the engine bay was almost complete. The refitting of the radiator was one of the last engine bay components I would have installed.

I’ll now have to focus on getting as much work done up front as possible, such as fit Ray Livingstone’s Megajolt kit and reuniting the engine and gearbox, leaving the weekend just to:

Remove the bonnet, front subframe and picture frame
Roll the engine/gearbox into place through the opening
Refit the subframe and picture frame …. oh and the brackets!
Install the front suspension
Fit the radiator
Raise the engine onto its mounts
Set up the front suspension
Refit the bonnet

I suspect I’ll need several pairs of helping hands!

Fitting the new boot springs

Bootlid, Trim & Body Fittings No Responses »

Apr 302013

The building of the two 5 leaf spring packs for the boot hinges leaf by leaf was difficult enough, so I wasn’t looking forward to prospect of trying to open up the full five leaves to extend from the mounting point over the receiving pillar on the boot lid arm.

My first attempt was to clamp the hinge unit in a vice, mount the spring pack on the hinge and use pliers to try to open the springs. It was a huge difference between extending a single leaf and the full spring pack! The problem I found was to get sufficient clamping needed to secure the hinge in the vice to withstand the forces needed to open up the springs. Often the hinge would move in the vice in preference to spring opening and, once the paint finish started to show signs of distress, I gave up.

After a few further searches I found an alternative method where the hinge pivot bolt is removed. The spring is mounted to the bracket half of the hinge and the receiving pillar on the hinge arm positioned in the centre of the spring pack. The idea being that the latter could be used to extend the spring pack to a point where the pivot bolt could be replaced. Again all this achieved was to further damage the paint.

Like most problematic issues encountered, I put it off to have a ponder how best to tackle it. Recently someone posted a video on the internet of a rather wacky, counterintuitive way of tackling the problem. I’d not had much joy with the accepted methods so I thought I’d give it a whirl. Nothing ventured, nothing gained.

The hinge was securely screwed to an old 4×2 wooden frame I’d lying around as I still haven’t got round to mounting my vice on a workbench. Essentially the building of the spring pack, covered previously, has simply arranged the leaves in order on the mounting bolt so the spring pack can be fitted onto the hinge bracket.

The individual leaves are then pulled out from the spring pack with pliers, working out from the inner most leaf. The leaf being pulled clear pivots on the mounting bolt and is then extended and placed over the receiving pillar. The process is then repeated for the remaining leaves.

The securing nut on the spring pack bolt only needs to be put on a couple of turns to allow the leaves to pivot. Pulling out the individual leaves with pliers was quite difficult but obviously gets sequentially easier.

I had to use a screw driver to lift each spring to be able to get some strong pliers sufficiently on to the leaf to pull it out. Once a leaf has been partially pulled out, it was occasionally necessary to tease it out further using a screwdriver. The leaf can then be extended using some thick protective gloves and pliers.

1st leaf on!	Next leaf pulled out	Extending the leaf

I would thoroughly recommend this approach over trying to extend the full 5 leaf spring pack.

Wiring Puzzle Solved

Electrics, Routing Looms No Responses »

Apr 122013

The separate wiring loom for the starter solenoid relay was sent off to Autosparks so they could have a look and use it as a pattern to make up a new loom.

In the meantime, I’d posted my wiring dilemma on the E-Type forum to see if others could shed light on the relay wiring. A fellow S2 owner kindly pointed out that there was a change to this area of the wiring during the S2 production run. As it happens, at exactly the same time my car was passing through the factory. I guess that it hadn’t been reflected in the service manuals because the modification had been made mid-production run.

Around the end of ’69, a ballast resistor was introduced into the ignition circuit with the aim of improving cold starting. The original 3 ohm coil was replaced by a ballast resistor and coil wired in series, both being around 1.5 ohms. When the ignition switch is turned to start the engine, the starter relay activates, delivering power to the starter solenoid but also bypassing the ballast resistor.

Therefore when starting, the full 12 volts is applied to the coil. The spark energy is increased over the original setup as the current flowing into the coil is greater due to the lower coil resistance.

Once running, the ballast resistor is introduced back into the circuit. As the coil and ballast resistor have a similar impedance of around 1.5 ohms, the voltage drop across each is roughly the same. Therefore a voltage of 6v is applied to the coil during normal running.

I found the wiring diagram above on one of the American Jaguar sites which shows the wiring connections for ballasted cars. Autosparks also confirmed that they stock this ‘ballast resistor’ loom. Although I think I’ll get the car running before I cut and tape the unused wires in the main loom!

It was a good opportunity to get Autosparks to make up the additional wiring, using the correct colour coding, that I needed for the few upgrades I’d planned – the mechanical brake light switch to supplement the hydraulic switch and the boot light.

There was also a number of wires that I believe are missing from the sundries wiring pack, such as earthing wires for the rear light clusters and a beefier jumper wire between the two brown fuses. Touch wood, I’ve now got everything to complete the wiring.

Alas, it was again a case of one step forward and two back. Very early on in the work on the bodyshell, the LH outer pedal side panel had been replaced where the main loom comes out behind the voltage regulator bracket. The panel was from one of the main suppliers of panels so I foolishly assumed it would be spot on.

It was only once I came to fit the voltage regulator bracket that I found out that its mounting holes had been punched in the wrong place. They were about 5-6mm too close to the sill closing panel so that the bracket doesn’t fit. The bracket did change for the S2 cars so it might be that the panel also changed and I was supplied the wrong part.

Either way – not happy! I should have checked it well before it had reached the paint shop. It’s not the end of the world but it will always niggle me as I’ll know it’s not correct on the car. The annoying thing was I’d spent ages sourcing and refurbishing a replacement bracket, as the studs on the original had all sheared trying to remove it.

The first replacement was purchased from SNG but the fitting was incorrect, using bolts rather than attached studs. Some time later, I managed to get a rather tatty one on eBay which was covered in a mixture of black and green paint. It took several applications of Nitromors and wire brushing before it was good enough to be re-plated.

The problem I find with zinc plating is it’s too blingy (although I’m sure the brightness would dull slightly once exposed to the elements). I decided to experiment and sprayed it with a two-pack clear satin lacquer. The results were even better than I had hoped/expected. The satin finish obviously tones down the brightness but it also has a softer, smoother to the touch feel and a more uniform metallic finish.

After all that effort I didn’t really want to start butchering a perfectly good original part to fit. instead I planned to trim the original bracket to fit and then repair the welded studs but SNG Barratt now supply the brackets with the correct studs relatively cheaply. So I’ll adapt one of their repro parts rather than an original part.

I think I’ll also spray most of the plated parts in the engine bay with the clear satin lacquer. Hopefully it will also provide a more durable finish.

Near Calamity

Miscellaneous Ramblings No Responses »

Apr 012013

The benefit of having the chassis on axle trolleys is that it can be rolled out into the open to provide much better access as well as natural light. So the car has been wheeled in an out at every opportunity, weather permitting. So much so that I’d become rather blasé about moving it around.

The Easter weekend gave an excellent chance to make some more progress with the wiring. As I was wheeling it back in for the night, catastrophe nearly struck ….

… stones had worked their way between the ply boards being used as a base creating a much larger step than normal. Not realising what had happened, it was given the usual extra push needed to get the wheels up the step. However the extra height was too great and it almost brought the whole rear end crashing down onto the axle trolleys.

The sooner I can get the car back down on its own wheels the better!!

Electric puzzles and Darwin awards

Electrics, Routing Looms No Responses »

Apr 012013

As I’d spent many days meticulously labelling the new wiring looms using both the service manual and Coventry Auto Components diagrams and all the connections were accounted for, I foolishly assumed everything was correct. All that would remain would be to connect up the looms to each other and the corresponding components.

However I hadn’t checked back to the original loom … until now. The two looms are completely different for the connections to the starter solenoid relay, mounted on the engine bay bulkhead.

The relay connections on the new loom end close to the join between the dash loom and the RHS body loom, circled in Red in the photo. The ends are terminated with female spade connectors suggesting the relay is attached at this point.

However 1) there’s not sufficient length to route into the engine bay and 2) there’s no suitable exit hole near the relay into the engine bay.

So I can’t see how to route the new loom to the relay mounted on the bulkhead.

Where the new loom ends with the relay connectors, the original loom has both the larger current carrying wires for the relay (White/Red and Brown) wires cut, only the switching White/Yellow wire remains. The other end of the brown wire exiting the loom near the ignition switch is similarly cut. As both cut ends appear to be properly taped it could quite possibly be a factory modification, made retrospectively to looms that had already been delivered to Jaguar.

Current carrying wires cut	Brown ignition wire cut

I’ve not located the other end of the White/Red wire yet due to a slight mishap with a Stanley knife while cutting away the taping on the old loom. I’ve found the braided wires to be quite absorbent and the claret colour of blood does a splendid job at hiding the colour coding! Lesson re-learnt: cut away from fleshy bits, not towards!

The relay was connected via its own separate loom, which also appears to be original (right). The routing of the White/Red and Brown wires, cut in the original dash loom, is directly between the bulkhead relay and the starter motor, ie doesn’t enter the dash area.

The switching White/Yellow wire is contained in a spur with sufficient length to reach the dash area from the engine bay via the hole high in the transmission tunnel panel.

So my current thinking is that this was a factory modification to keep the current carrying wiring away from the dash. Only the relay switching wire carrying a low current is routed into the cabin area.

I suspect this change may have been made during the S2 production run as I’ve not found any of the usual suppliers who sell a separate starter solenoid relay loom. I will have to ask Autosparks to make up a loom based on what remains of the original. The other issue is the original loom had a White/Blue wire connected to a central terminal on the relay. There’s no reference to a White/Blue wire in any of the wiring diagrams so I’m stumped what it is for at this stage.

I’ve subsequently found out that it was a factory modification after all. From chassis number 1R1393, just 28 cars before mine, a ballast resistor was introduced and the relay moved to the engine bay bulkhead.

The starter relay was changed so that it could switch two circuits – delivering power to the starter solenoid and bypassing the ballast resistor. The white/blue wire enable the ballast resistor to be excluded from the circuit on start up, increasing the current delivered to the coil.

Repairing a new fuel tank!

Fuel System, Fuel Tank No Responses »

Mar 212013

The fuel tank has been another area that hasn’t gone as smoothly as I had expected. At first glance the tank appeared to be fine however the problems were only revealed once it had been removed.

Over time the untreated tank had rusted through which is a common problem. It had been repaired by welding several replacement patches but the weld seams weren’t the best and had started to corrode quite badly.

My concern was the thickness of the tank, or lack of it, either side of the weld. I think water that had entered the tank must have been settling in the various troughs in the weld so it was again rusting from within.

As luck would have it, there was an advert in a Jaguar magazine for an unused later S2 fuel tank. The S1 owner had purchased the tank unaware that the design had changed from a single breather pipe to three from chassis number 1R1393, some 28 cars before mine! In fact I wasn’t aware of a difference until I’d read his advert.

The three breather pipes were introduced with the addition of the expansion tank into the fuel system, late in the production run of the S2 cars. I think this is why it’s not referenced in any of the manuals.

A number of owners on the E-Type forum have reported running problems as a result of fuel starvation. Insufficient venting of the fuel tank was enabling a vacuum to build in the tank, acting against the fuel pump. A common remedy is to drill a small hole in the fuel filler cap. I can’t see how the addition of an expansion tank would alleviate this problem. The S1 and early S2 tanks were just vented directly to the outside rather than via an expansion tank. So fuel starvation issues may still be a problem …. but more of that later.

The replacement tank been already been treated with the white PVC type tank sealer. However, during the time it had been kept in dry storage, the sealer had started to crack and come away in sheets. It would all have to be removed otherwise it would quickly start to clog the fuel filters.

I started to research the different types of tank sealers on the market, mainly to find out the best method to remove the sealant used in my tank. The conclusion was that the PVC type sealers have very good coverage but don’t fill holes or seams well and have poor film strength. I’d found that out to my cost!! Most recommended using a paint stripper to remove it.

I had a large tin of Nitromors lying about so I gave it a go and poured it into the tank along with some nuts and bolts. The latter providing a mechanical method of dislodging loose bits of sealant. The problem with modern Nitromors is that they have changed its properties to a more gel like consistency rather than liquid. As a result it wasn’t very good at getting into the baffled areas.

I then switched to Por-Strip which was better but didn’t reach much of the internal baffle surfaces. I needed a new approach.

One of the local powder coating firms offers a burn-off service but they didn’t want to do it as they were concerned the temperature would melt the brazing. Eventually I took it to a furniture restorer who was able to dip the tank. However the borescope revealed that there was still quite of a lot of sealant stubbornly attached.

I think paint stripper just softens the sealant which then becomes a sticky goo. Unless it is successfully removed immediately it simply sticks back to the tank surface as it dries out.

Like most troublesome issues, I put it to one side to have a ponder. I would tackle it at a later stage!

I recently found out that the PVC coatings can also be removed by dissolving in either Acetone or MEK (Methy Ethyl Ketone). Spurred into action once more, I ordered a small quantity of Acetone and added some sealant flakes to confirm it worked. 20 litres of Acetone have now been ordered and the tank is going to receive a thorough soaking at the weekend. Fingers crossed!

It still leaves the dilemma of how to treat the tank to avoid it rusting from the inside out. Not only that but it dawned on me that swilling around sealant inside the tank might cure the rusting problem but would be guaranteed to cause another. I’d realised that the PVC sealant had done its job and sealed the ends of all the internal pipes for the expansion tank connections.

Unless the Acetone can unblock them, I might have to resort to removing the brazed joints and withdrawing the pipes. I’m now wondering whether tank sealants might be the cause for some of the people suffering from fuel starvation problems.

Fuel Expansion Tank

Expansion Tank, Fuel System No Responses »

Mar 202013

A fuel expansion tank was added during the production run of the Series 2 cars, located in the boot space on the LHS rear wheel arch. The expansion tank is vented to the outside and so it’s internal pressure is always equal to the current atmospheric pressure.

Thermal expansion of the fuel increases the pressure in the fuel tank relative to the pressure in the expansion tank. As a result, fuel passes from the main fuel tank to the expansion tank until the pressures are equalised. As fuel is consumed or when the fuel contracts due to cooling temperatures, the pressure in the fuel tank decreases relative to the expansion tank. Any fuel in the expansion tank is then returned to the fuel tank as the pressures equalise once more.

Note: I have subsequently seen a Jaguar Service bulletin which indicated that fuel passes back from the expansion tank to the fuel tank by gravity, not pressure. Although with such a small bore for the breather pipes, I would have thought it’s probably a combination of gravity and pressure to overcome airlocks.

When the expansion tank was removed, I carefully labelled the various pipes between the two tanks with masking tape. For some reason I wrote the descriptions on the masking tape in pencil, which didn’t stand the test of time and were illegible by the time it was ready to be refitted. A lesson learnt!

A piece of 6mm jute was bonded to the tank as a protective layer between the tank and the wheel arch. However the bond was greater than the strength of the jute and so would need replacing. It’s available from most of the re-trimming firms and was bonded using the same AF178 contact adhesive used for the heat insulation.

I now had to work out how to make the connections between the two tanks as it’s not covered in any of the manuals available. The expansion tank has four outlets and the fuel tank only three. The additional outlet on the expansion tank is for the vent which exits to the outside via the boot drainage pipes. Although I believe the vent is connected to the emission control system for cars supplied to the USA.

The first task was to work out the difference between the four internal pipes in the expansion tank. I used a length of garden wire with the end bent over to form a hook. This enabled the wire to be jiggled so that the hook engaged with the end of the pipe inside the tank and therefore could determine the internal length of the pipe.

Three of the pipes ran from the bottom to the full height of the tank while the fourth terminated as soon as it entered the tank, as depicted in the photo. The short red pipe (A) is at the bottom of the expansion tank and therefore must be for returning fuel to the main fuel tank. So I would expect this to be connected to a pipe which terminates fairly high up at the top of the fuel tank.

The other two blue pipes (B and C) terminate at the top of the expansion tank and so would be for the pipes passing fuel from the main tank to the expansion tank, when the main tank is full to the brim. The fuel entering the expansion tank via B & C would then fall to the bottom, to be returned via pipe A when the pressure in fuel tank reduced.

I would therefore expect B & C to be connected to pipes which would normally only be submerged in fuel when the tank is full, ie terminating at the very top of the fuel tank. It was now time to get the USB borescope out to investigate the fuel tank as ends of the pipes are hidden due to the internal baffles.

In fact the corresponding red pipe A in the fuel tank was easy to determine as the end of the pipe end can be felt via the large oval opening. The borescope did confirm that the other two pipes terminated at the top of the tank. The end of pipe A turns downwards for about an inch. I assumed two pipes are needed to pass fuel to the expansion tank due to the baffles. It shouldn’t matter how the B & C outlets are connected, ie B to B or B to C, as they are both performing the same role.

Anyway, assuming my logic is correct, I think I’ve worked out the correct connections!!

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